{"id":2014,"date":"2015-07-18T20:00:25","date_gmt":"2015-07-18T17:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/?p=2014"},"modified":"2015-07-18T20:00:25","modified_gmt":"2015-07-18T17:00:25","slug":"calendar-stiintific-18-iulie-2015","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/?p=2014","title":{"rendered":"Calendar \u0219tiin\u021bific: 18 iulie 2015"},"content":{"rendered":"

18 iulie<\/h1>\n

\"18

Pe 18 iulie 1635 se n\u0103\u0219tea\u00a0Robert Hooke,<\/strong><\/em> savant englez, care a excelat ca astronom \u0219i fizician, fiind cel mai bine cunoscut pentru formularea legii de propor\u021bionalitate \u00eentre deforma\u021biile elastice ale unui corp \u0219i tensiunile la care este supus, cunoscut\u0103 ca \u201eLegea lui Hooke\u201d.\u00a0A fost primul care a folosit balan\u021ba cu arc pentru reglarea ceasurilor \u0219i observ\u00e2nd similarit\u0103\u021bile dintre mi\u0219carea unei sfori vibr\u00e2nd \u0219i balansarea unei pendule, a inventat pendula cu arc, ceea ce a condus la o mai mare precizie a ceasurilor.
\nIntuie\u0219te \u0219i formuleaz\u0103 \u00eentr-o comunicare la Royal Society din Londra primele idei privind telegrafia vizual\u0103.\u00a0Hooke a anticipat unele din cele mai importante descoperiri \u0219i inven\u021bii ale acelor timpuri. A inventat \u0219i perfec\u021bionat mai multe instrumente de observare \u0219i m\u0103surare (telescoape, termometre, microscoape).
\nCu telescopul Gregorian, Hooke a observat pentru prima oara celulele vegetale.
\nA formulat teoria cu privire la mi\u0219carea planetelor ca o problem\u0103 din mecanic\u0103 \u0219i independent de fizicianul britanic Newton a emis ipoteza gravita\u021biei.
\nCu toate ca a avut mai multe inven\u021bii \u0219i descoperiri, Hooke va r\u0103mane cel mai bine cunoscut pentru descoperirea \u0219i formularea matematic\u0103 a legii elasticit\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n

Pe 18 iulie 1922 se n\u0103\u0219tea\u00a0Thomas Samuel K<\/strong>uhn<\/strong><\/em>, filozof al \u0219tiin\u021bei, \u0219i un epistemolog american.\u00a0Este unul dintre cei mai influen\u021bi filosofi ai \u0219tiin\u021bei, cartea sa, \u201eStructura revolu\u021biilor \u0219tiin\u021bifice\u201d (The Structure of Scientific Revolutions)<\/em>, ap\u0103rut\u0103 \u00een 1962, devenind un studiu de referin\u021b\u0103 asupra evolu\u021biei \u0219tiin\u021bei.\u00a0Teoria lui Kuhn, bazat\u0103 pe observa\u021biile \u0219i cercet\u0103rile acestuia pe c\u00e2nd era \u00eenc\u0103 student la fizic\u0103, a bulversat lumea academic\u0103 prin viziunea sa inedit\u0103. Ideile sale principale sunt cuprinse \u00een cartea mai sus amintit\u0103, unde dezvolt\u0103 teoria conform c\u0103reia dezvoltarea \u0219tiin\u021bei, cre\u0219terea cunoa\u0219terii umane nu este un proces linear, cumulativ, a\u0219a cum sus\u021binea Karl Popper, ci se petrece \u00een salturi, perioadele de cercetare lineare altern\u00e2nd cu perioade de criz\u0103 \u0219i revolu\u021bii \u0219tiin\u021bifice.<\/p>\n

Pe 18 iulie 1768 se n\u0103\u0219tea\u00a0Jean-Robert Argand<\/strong><\/em>, matematician amator francez. \u00cen 1806, \u00een timp ce era proprietar al unei libr\u0103rii \u00een Paris, a publicat ideea reprezent\u0103rii \u0219i, deci a interpret\u0103rii geometrice a numerelor complexe, cunoscut\u0103 ast\u0103zi sub numele de Diagrama Argand.\u00a0Planul complex este c\u00e2teodat\u0103 denumit \u0219i plan Argand<\/em>, conform diagramelor Argand.<\/em> De\u0219i crearea sa este \u00een general atribuit\u0103 lui Argand, totu\u0219i matematicianul \u0219i topograful norvegiano – danez Caspar Wessel este cel care, strict cronologic, a publicat primele rezultate concrete de aceast\u0103 factur\u0103 \u00een 1799. \u00centruc\u00e2t lucrarea lui Wessel a trecut practic neobservat\u0103 la timpul respectiv, at\u00e2t Jean-Robert Argand c\u00e2t \u0219i Carl Friedrich Gauss pot fi credita\u021bi, al\u0103turi de Caspar Wessel ca \u0219i „co-inventatori” ai reprezent\u0103rii numerelor complexe \u00een plan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

18 iulie Pe 18 iulie 1635 se n\u0103\u0219tea\u00a0Robert Hooke, savant englez, care a excelat ca astronom \u0219i fizician, fiind cel<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2015,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"video_url":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[172,1],"tags":[173,213,267,216,164,139],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2014"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2014"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2014\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2016,"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2014\/revisions\/2016"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2015"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2014"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2014"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ziarulderimnic.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2014"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}